Four Foods, One Method

• 01 Abound Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck Swap Remove
• 02 Abound All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice Swap Remove
• 03 K9 Natural Lamb Feast Grain-Free Swap Remove
• 04 TruDog Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free Swap Remove

Four Foods, One Method. Each row is one measure; the best figure in a row is marked.

	01 Abound Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck Swap Remove	02 Abound All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice Swap Remove	03 K9 Natural Lamb Feast Grain-Free Swap Remove	04 TruDog Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free Swap Remove
01 Protein, Dry Matter Higher Is Better 26-32% dm reads typical mainstream.	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck 37.8%	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice 28.4%	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free 44.6% Best in this row	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free 43.5%
02 Carbohydrate Load, Dry Matter Lower Is Better Estimated, 6% ash assumed. iEstimated, not measured. It is what is left of the guaranteed analysis once protein, fat, fiber and moisture are taken out, with ash assumed at 6%. That leftover is mostly starch but also carries sugars and the fiber a crude-fiber test misses, so read it as a close estimate rather than an exact figure. Measured as fed, the same basis as the bag.	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck 32% 29.0% as fed	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice 43% 38.0% as fed	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free 9% 8.5% as fed	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free 9% 8.0% as fed Best in this row
03 Named Proteins In The First Five Count of named animal proteins. iThe count matches any named animal word in the opening five ingredients, so it also counts animal fats and flavourings as proteins. It is shown because it is one of the five measured lines, but it is too rough to call a winner on.	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck 3 of 5	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice 2 of 5	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free 5 of 5	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free 5 of 5
04 Flagged Additives Level Lower Is Better Matched against the flag list.	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck None	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice None	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free None	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free None
05 Brand Recall History Lower Is Better Manufacturer, not recipe.	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck 2 None in the last 3 years	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice 2 None in the last 3 years	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free None Best in this row	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free None Best in this row
Starch, As Fed iEstimated, not measured. It is what is left of the guaranteed analysis once protein, fat, fiber and moisture are taken out, with ash assumed at 6%. That leftover is mostly starch but also carries sugars and the fiber a crude-fiber test misses, so read it as a close estimate rather than an exact figure. Measured as fed, the same basis as the bag.	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck 29.0%	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice 38.0%	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free 8.5%	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free 8.0%
Kcal / Cup	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck --	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice --	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free --	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free 233
Price / Lb Lowest Across Bag Sizes	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck -- No price on file.	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice -- No price on file.	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free $37.50 8 lb bag, Chewy	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free -- No price on file.
Cost / 1,000 Kcal Lower Is Cheaper To Feed What the same amount of energy costs, so a denser food is not penalized for a higher price per pound.	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck -- No price on file.	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice -- No price on file.	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free -- No calorie figure on file.	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free -- No price on file.
First Five Ingredients	01 Wild Beginnings All Life Stages Chicken, Turkey & Duck Chicken, chicken meal, turkey meal, ground sorghum, oatmeal	02 All Life Stages Chicken & Brown Rice Deboned chicken, chicken meal, ground brown rice, pearled barley, oat groats	03 Lamb Feast Grain-Free Lamb, Lamb Tripe, Lamb Heart, Lamb Lung, Lamb Liver	04 Raw Beef Meal Bites Grain-Free Beef, Beef Heart, Beef Liver, Beef Lung, Beef Kidney

Every figure here is the food's own. Protein and carbohydrate are converted to dry matter so foods of different moisture can be set beside each other; starch is estimated from the guaranteed analysis with ash assumed at 6.0%, and the recall record belongs to the manufacturer rather than to the recipe. Two rows are printed but never marked: the named-protein count, because the detection behind it is too rough to call a winner on, and calories, because neither more nor fewer is better without knowing the dog.