Three Foods, One Method

• 01 Nulo FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef Swap Remove
• 02 Nulo MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey Swap Remove
• 03 TruDog Garden of Vegan Plant-Based Swap Remove

Three Foods, One Method. Each row is one measure; the best figure in a row is marked.

	01 Nulo FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef Swap Remove	02 Nulo MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey Swap Remove	03 TruDog Garden of Vegan Plant-Based Swap Remove	+ Add A Food
01 Protein, Dry Matter Higher Is Better 26-32% dm reads typical mainstream.	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef 43.0%	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey 47.4% Best in this row	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based 26.1%
02 Carbohydrate Load, Dry Matter Lower Is Better Estimated, 6% ash assumed. iEstimated, not measured. It is what is left of the guaranteed analysis once protein, fat, fiber and moisture are taken out, with ash assumed at 6%. That leftover is mostly starch but also carries sugars and the fiber a crude-fiber test misses, so read it as a close estimate rather than an exact figure. Measured as fed, the same basis as the bag.	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef 20% 19.0% as fed	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey 8% 8.0% as fed Best in this row	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based 40% 4.8% as fed
03 Named Proteins In The First Five Count of named animal proteins. iThe count matches any named animal word in the opening five ingredients, so it also counts animal fats and flavourings as proteins. It is shown because it is one of the five measured lines, but it is too rough to call a winner on.	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef 5 of 5	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey 4 of 5	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based 0 of 5
04 Flagged Additives Level Lower Is Better Matched against the flag list.	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef None	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey None	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based None
05 Brand Recall History Level Lower Is Better Manufacturer, not recipe.	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef None	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey None	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based None
Starch, As Fed iEstimated, not measured. It is what is left of the guaranteed analysis once protein, fat, fiber and moisture are taken out, with ash assumed at 6%. That leftover is mostly starch but also carries sugars and the fiber a crude-fiber test misses, so read it as a close estimate rather than an exact figure. Measured as fed, the same basis as the bag.	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef 19.0%	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey 8.0%	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based 4.8%
Kcal / Cup	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef 225	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey 231	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based --
Price / Lb Lowest Across Bag Sizes	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef -- No price on file.	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey $39.98 6.4 oz bag, Walmart	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based -- No price on file.
Cost / 1,000 Kcal Lower Is Cheaper To Feed What the same amount of energy costs, so a denser food is not penalized for a higher price per pound.	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef -- No price on file.	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey $17.14	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based -- No price on file.
First Five Ingredients	01 FreeStyle True Boost Hip & Joint Functional Mixers Beef Beef, Beef Heart, Beef Liver, Spray-Dried Beef Plasma, Salmon Oil	02 MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey Turkey, Turkey Heart, Turkey Liver, Pumpkin, Turkey Necks	03 Garden of Vegan Plant-Based Vegetable broth, chickpeas, potatoes, pea protein, carrots

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Every figure here is the food's own. Protein and carbohydrate are converted to dry matter so foods of different moisture can be set beside each other; starch is estimated from the guaranteed analysis with ash assumed at 6.0%, and the recall record belongs to the manufacturer rather than to the recipe. Two rows are printed but never marked: the named-protein count, because the detection behind it is too rough to call a winner on, and calories, because neither more nor fewer is better without knowing the dog.