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Ingredient file // Fruit or vegetable

Broccoli

A real vegetable with limited reach

Broccoli is the edible flower head and stalk, added to dog food fresh or as a dried powder. It contributes some fiber. The antioxidant, immune and cancer promises attached to it go well beyond what has been shown in dogs.

Role in the food Supporting nutrient
Broccoli
What it is
The edible flower heads and stalks of broccoli, added to dog food fresh or dried.
Made from
Broccoli florets and stalks
Main job
Small vegetable and fiber addition
Typical amount
Not published
Watch for
Large fresh servings can irritate the stomach
Not the same as
Broccoli sprout supplement

Straight answer

Is Broccoli safe for dogs?

Read it as a small vegetable addition

Check the main ingredients and guaranteed analysis before giving broccoli credit. Broccoli late in the list is a small addition; fresh broccoli placed higher still carries plenty of water. Its fiber is real. Antioxidant, immune and cancer promises go beyond the dog evidence.

Why it is in the food
Small vegetable and fiber addition

Our read // In our catalog

In 1 of every 8 foods we track

Share of foods that list it

12%

380 of the 3,204 foods with an ingredient list on file, from 32 brands. 196 dry dog food, 64 frozen dog food, 45 wet dog food.

Each square is 1% of the catalog

Where it sits on the label

Median position 15. In the top five of 23 foods, so it is usually a minor ingredient.

Top five List position, heaviest first

Above the salt

68%

Listed before the salt in 68% of foods. In the rest it is under about 1% of the recipe.

Price per lb

Foods with it $4.00
All foods $3.25

Median of the cheapest bag price across 192 priced foods, 23% above the catalog. The price is the food's, not the ingredient's.

Who leans on it

17%

of the foods that list it are from Wellness. 32 brands use it in total.

What it is

How it is made

Packing and processing broccoli leaves stalks and trimmings behind. Researchers have turned that residue into powder, and ingredient suppliers sell dried broccoli powder to pet food manufacturers.5,9,10

  1. 01 // Source Broccoli stalks Primary processing leaves residue such as stems; one powder study cut the stems from supermarket broccoli by hand.
  2. 02 // Process Cleaned and chopped The discards were disinfected in a 1% sodium hypochlorite solution, then chopped or ground in a food processor.
  3. 03 // Process Dried Hot air at 50, 60 or 70 °C, or freeze drying, removed the water. Freeze drying kept the raw material's traits best.
  4. 04 // Process Milled The dried pieces were ground to a fine powder. Every method lowered sulforaphane compared with fresh tissue.
  5. 05 // Output Broccoli powder Dehydrated, finely ground broccoli, a form one distributor supplies to food and pet food manufacturers.

What is in it

Composition, dry matter

22-24

% NDF

Cell-wall fiber measured in sampled stalks and florets. Broccoli contributes fiber, though the amount in a finished food depends on its inclusion.

Neutral detergent fiber 22.3-23.6%4
Crude protein 23.2-30.8%4
Sugars 19.6-33.4%4
Acid detergent fiber 12.9-15%4
Ether extract 2.9-6.2%4

Florets had more protein and fat, while stalks had more sugars. These were produce samples studied as potential ruminant feed, not a specification for broccoli sold to pet food makers.4

Why it is in the bag

A small fiber addition, partly there for the label

  1. Main nutrition
  2. Supporting nutrient
  3. Does a job
  4. Mostly filler

Broccoli is a real vegetable with measured fiber, about 22 to 24% of its dry matter, so it adds to a food's fiber mix. Lists run by weight, and broccoli often sits past the main ingredients, so in many foods that contribution is likely small. An industry report says produce goes into pet foods at low levels for visual variety, and broccoli's familiar name adds label appeal. Listed higher, it adds more fiber.4,7,9

  1. 01

    Shows a recognizable vegetable

    An industry report describes produce added to pet foods at low levels for visual variety. Broccoli gives that addition a familiar name on the label.9

  2. 02

    Adds some fiber

    Stalks and florets contain measurable cell-wall fiber. A small addition contributes to the fiber mix without serving as the recipe's main fiber source.4,9

  3. 03

    Offers a use for trimmings

    Researchers have made powder from broccoli stalks left by produce processing. An industry report saw potential value in such streams but said safe, economical stabilization needed further work.5,9

How much One digestibility study fed 18 dogs a diet containing 3% broccoli powder; it did not test broccoli separately.2

Our read // The claims

What the evidence supports

Strong: controlled studies in dogs agree. Some: small or mixed dog data. Thin: mechanism or lab work only. None: nothing, or the evidence points the other way.

  1. Brands say

    Broccoli adds fiber to the recipe

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    An analysis measured 22.3 to 23.6% cell-wall fiber on a dry basis in broccoli stalks and florets. The fiber is real, but the 18-dog study that fed 3% broccoli powder never tested broccoli on its own.2,4

  2. Owners say

    Broccoli is toxic to dogs

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    AKC veterinary guidance considers small servings safe but calls amounts above 25% of daily intake toxic. That is guidance, not a measured dose trial. Broccoli listed in a pet food is a different exposure.8

  3. Brands say

    Broccoli gives dogs antioxidant protection

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    A single-dose study in 10 healthy dogs detected sulforaphane metabolites after a broccoli sprout supplement and measured an enzyme change. It did not test ordinary broccoli or show protection from disease.1,5

  4. Brands say

    Broccoli's vitamin C boosts immunity

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    Broccoli does contain vitamin C, but healthy dogs make their own and AAFCO sets no dietary requirement for it. Extra vitamin C from a vegetable fills no known gap, so the immune promise rests on a need dogs lack.6,8

  5. Brands say

    Broccoli prevents cancer in dogs

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    A case-control study compared 92 Scottish Terriers with bladder cancer and 83 controls. Cruciferous vegetables were not significantly linked to lower risk, and the study could not isolate broccoli. Prevention is unproven.3

Straight answers

What owners ask

  1. Q01

    Is it just filler?

    Mostly no

    Broccoli has measured fiber, but a late-listed amount will not carry the food's nutrition. Its familiar name also gives the manufacturer visual and label appeal. Read its position as a clue to its limited role.4,7,9

  2. Q02

    Is it like broccoli sprouts?

    No

    The dog sulforaphane study used a concentrated broccoli sprout supplement with active myrosinase. A broccoli entry on a food label does not tell you its sulforaphane content or reproduce that study's dose.1,5

  3. Q03

    Can my dog eat it fresh?

    Yes, sparingly

    Plain raw or cooked broccoli is acceptable in small portions. Cut firm stalks into pieces your dog can chew, and stop offering it if it causes stomach upset.8

Who uses it

Brands, best sellers and the company it keeps

Top brands, by foods that list it

  1. Wellness 66 / 118
  2. Stella & Chewy's 55 / 85
  3. Now Fresh 28 / 35
  4. Horizon 27 / 27
  5. Hill's 26 / 116
  6. Smallbatch 22 / 23
  7. Instinct 20 / 98
  8. Fromm 18 / 67
  9. The Honest Kitchen 18 / 36
  10. OC Raw Dog 13 / 13

Foods that list it / all the brand's recipes we track.

Plus 22 more brands.

Amazon best sellers that list it

  1. #4 Hill’s Science Diet Light Small & Mini Chicken Recipe Dry Dog Food
  2. #7 Stella & Chewy’s Marie’s Magical Dinner Dust Cage-Free Chicken Recipe Freeze-Dried Raw Dog Food Topper
  3. #43 Stella & Chewy’s Marie’s Magical Dinner Dust Grass-Fed Beef Recipe Freeze-Dried Raw Dog Food Topper
  4. #46 The Honest Kitchen Grain-Free Beef Recipe Whole Food Clusters Dry Dog Food
  5. #57 Wellness Complete Health Deboned Chicken & Oatmeal Dry Dog Food
  6. #60 Fromm Four-Star Beef Frittata Veg® Recipe Grain-Free Dry Dog Food
  7. #62 Hill’s Science Diet Adult 7+ Chicken Meal, Barley & Rice Recipe Dry Dog Food
  8. #69 Hill’s Science Diet Puppy Small Paws Chicken Meal, Barley & Brown Rice Recipe Dry Dog Food

Rank on Amazon's dog food best seller list, checked October 2026.

Usually listed with, share of the foods that list it

  1. Flaxseed 43%
  2. Carrots 32%
  3. Peas 32%
  4. Chicken 29%
  5. Chicken Meal 26%
  6. Mixed Tocopherols 25%
  7. Chicken Fat 23%
  8. Turkey 21%
  9. Beef 17%
  10. Apples 16%
  11. Oatmeal 15%
  12. Potatoes 14%

On the shelf

Foods that list Broccoli

380 foods in our catalog list it. These 60 list it highest on the label.

Northwest Naturals Freeze Dried Toppers Veggie & Fruit Dog Food TopperNorthwest NaturalsNorthwest Naturals Freeze Dried Toppers Veggie & Fruit Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 1 on the labelNorthwest Naturals Nuggets; Bulk Meal Bars; Chubs Trout Recipe Frozen Dog FoodNorthwest NaturalsNorthwest Naturals Nuggets; Bulk Meal Bars; Chubs Trout Recipe Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 2 on the labelSojos Turkey Plus Raw Dog Food TopperSojosSojos Turkey Plus Raw Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 2 on the labelSojos Beef Plus Raw Dog Food TopperSojosSojos Beef Plus Raw Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 2 on the labelWellness Core 95% Chicken & Broccoli Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWellnessWellness Core 95% Chicken & Broccoli Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 3 on the labelWellness Core Bowl Boosters Functional Toppers Joint Health Dog Food TopperWellnessWellness Core Bowl Boosters Functional Toppers Joint Health Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 3 on the labelPurina Beyond Alaskan Salmon Recipe Dog Food TopperPurinaPurina Beyond Alaskan Salmon Recipe Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 3 on the labelDarwin’s Natural Pet Products Intelligent Design for Dogs Joint Support Grain-Free Frozen Dog FoodDarwin's Natural Pet ProductsDarwin’s Natural Pet Products Intelligent Design for Dogs Joint Support Grain-Free Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 4 on the labelNow Fresh Good Gravy Cage Free Chicken Recipe Wet Dog FoodNow FreshNow Fresh Good Gravy Cage Free Chicken Recipe Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 4 on the labelNow Fresh Good Gravy Chicken with Grains Wet Dog FoodNow FreshNow Fresh Good Gravy Chicken with Grains Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 4 on the labelFromm Four-Star Diner Favorites Bud’s Beef & Broccoli Stew Wet Dog FoodFrommFromm Four-Star Diner Favorites Bud’s Beef & Broccoli Stew Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 4 on the labelHealth Extension Gently Cooked Grain Free Vegetarian Recipe Wet Dog FoodHealth ExtensionHealth Extension Gently Cooked Grain Free Vegetarian Recipe Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 4 on the label
Show 48 more
Sojos Lamb Plus Raw Dog Food TopperSojosSojos Lamb Plus Raw Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 2 on the labelCesar Warm Bowls Roasted Chicken Entrée With Sweet Potatoes & Broccoli Wet Dog FoodCesarCesar Warm Bowls Roasted Chicken Entrée With Sweet Potatoes & Broccoli Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 4 on the labelDarwin’s Natural Pet Products Intelligent Design for Dogs Comprehensive Cancer Support Grain-Free Frozen Dog FoodDarwin's Natural Pet ProductsDarwin’s Natural Pet Products Intelligent Design for Dogs Comprehensive Cancer Support Grain-Free Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 5 on the labelNorthwest Naturals Nuggets; Bulk Meal Bars; Chubs Lamb Recipe Frozen Dog FoodNorthwest NaturalsNorthwest Naturals Nuggets; Bulk Meal Bars; Chubs Lamb Recipe Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 5 on the labelSmallbatch Duck Sliders Freeze-Dried Dog FoodSmallbatchSmallbatch Duck Sliders Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 5 on the labelSmallbatch Lamb Sliders Freeze-Dried Dog FoodSmallbatchSmallbatch Lamb Sliders Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 5 on the labelSmallbatch Raw Rabbit Sliders Frozen Dog FoodSmallbatchSmallbatch Raw Rabbit Sliders Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 5 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Protein Plus Grain Free Chicken with Superfoods Dog Food TopperThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Protein Plus Grain Free Chicken with Superfoods Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 5 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Superfood Pour Overs Chicken Dog Food TopperThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Superfood Pour Overs Chicken Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 5 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Tender Turkey One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Tender Turkey One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 5 on the labelWellness Core Simply Shreds Chicken, Chicken Liver & Broccoli Dog Food Mixer or TopperWellnessWellness Core Simply Shreds Chicken, Chicken Liver & Broccoli Dog Food Mixer or TopperTopper // No. 5 on the labelViva Raw Complete Diet Lamb Frozen Dog FoodViva RawViva Raw Complete Diet Lamb Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 6 on the labelAnswers Pet Food Detailed Mighty Raw Beef Frozen Dog FoodAnswers Pet FoodAnswers Pet Food Detailed Mighty Raw Beef Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 6 on the labelGrandma Lucy’s Top It Beef Stew Dog Food TopperGrandma Lucy'sGrandma Lucy’s Top It Beef Stew Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 6 on the labelOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Lamb & Produce Frozen Dog FoodOC Raw DogOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Lamb & Produce Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 6 on the labelOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Turkey & Produce Frozen Dog FoodOC Raw DogOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Turkey & Produce Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 6 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Superfood Pour Overs Lamb & Beef Dog Food TopperThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Superfood Pour Overs Lamb & Beef Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 6 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Simmered Salmon & Chicken One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Simmered Salmon & Chicken One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 6 on the labelHealth Extension Gently Cooked Lamb And Carrot Recipe Wet Dog FoodHealth ExtensionHealth Extension Gently Cooked Lamb And Carrot Recipe Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 6 on the labelWellness Core Bowl Boosters Functional Toppers Hearth Health Dog Food TopperWellnessWellness Core Bowl Boosters Functional Toppers Hearth Health Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 6 on the labelWellness Core Bowl Boosters Functional Toppers Digestive Health Dog Food TopperWellnessWellness Core Bowl Boosters Functional Toppers Digestive Health Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 6 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Proper Toppers Grain-Free Beef Recipe Dog Food TopperThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Proper Toppers Grain-Free Beef Recipe Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 6 on the labelStella & Chewy’s Marie’s Magical Dinner Dust Cage-Free Chicken Recipe Freeze-Dried Raw Dog Food TopperStella & Chewy'sStella & Chewy’s Marie’s Magical Dinner Dust Cage-Free Chicken Recipe Freeze-Dried Raw Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 7 on the labelViva Raw Complete Diet Pork Frozen Dog FoodViva RawViva Raw Complete Diet Pork Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelViva Raw Complete Diet Rabbit Frozen Dog FoodViva RawViva Raw Complete Diet Rabbit Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelViva Raw Complete Diet Duck Frozen Dog FoodViva RawViva Raw Complete Diet Duck Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelViva Raw Complete Diet Turkey Frozen Dog FoodViva RawViva Raw Complete Diet Turkey Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelViva Raw Complete Diet Chicken Frozen Dog FoodViva RawViva Raw Complete Diet Chicken Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Cage-Free Turkey Raw - The Bones & Co. Freeze-Dried Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Cage-Free Turkey Raw - The Bones & Co. Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Cage-Free Chicken Raw - The Bones & Co. Freeze-Dried Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Cage-Free Chicken Raw - The Bones & Co. Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Grass-Fed Beef Raw - The Bones & Co. Freeze-Dried Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Grass-Fed Beef Raw - The Bones & Co. Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Cage-Free Chicken Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Cage-Free Chicken Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Cage-Free Turkey Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Cage-Free Turkey Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Cage-Free Duck Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Cage-Free Duck Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Grass-Fed Lamb Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Grass-Fed Lamb Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelBones & Co Grass-Fed Beef Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodBones & CoBones & Co Grass-Fed Beef Raw - The Bones & Co. Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelStella & Chewy’s Chicken Little Lil’ Bites - Raw for Small Breeds Freeze-Dried Dog FoodStella & Chewy'sStella & Chewy’s Chicken Little Lil’ Bites - Raw for Small Breeds Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelRaw Bistro Bison Entree 4 Pack Frozen Dog FoodRaw BistroRaw Bistro Bison Entree 4 Pack Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelSmallbatch Pork Sliders Freeze-Dried Dog FoodSmallbatchSmallbatch Pork Sliders Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelSmallbatch Frozen Raw Lamb Patties Frozen Dog FoodSmallbatchSmallbatch Frozen Raw Lamb Patties Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelOC Raw Dog Chicken & Produce Freeze-Dried Dog FoodOC Raw DogOC Raw Dog Chicken & Produce Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelOC Raw Dog Rabbit & Produce Freeze-Dried Dog FoodOC Raw DogOC Raw Dog Rabbit & Produce Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Rabbit & Produce Frozen Dog FoodOC Raw DogOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Rabbit & Produce Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Chicken & Produce Frozen Dog FoodOC Raw DogOC Raw Dog Complete Meals Chicken & Produce Frozen Dog FoodFrozen // No. 7 on the labelFromm Four-Star Pâté Chicken & Rice Pâté Wet Dog FoodFrommFromm Four-Star Pâté Chicken & Rice Pâté Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Beef, Cheddar & Farm Veggies Butcher Block Pâté Wet Dog FoodThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Beef, Cheddar & Farm Veggies Butcher Block Pâté Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelNulo MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey Recipe Grain-Free Dog Food TopperNuloNulo MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Turkey Recipe Grain-Free Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 7 on the labelNulo MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Chicken Recipe Grain-Free Dog Food TopperNuloNulo MedalSeries Tasty Toppers Chicken Recipe Grain-Free Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 7 on the label

On labels as

Fresh and organic broccoli compared

One page covers every name. Here is what each label word adds, and whether it changes anything for your dog.

Fresh broccoli

Matters for your dog A little

Fresh Broccoli

What it means AAFCO's ingredient-level feed term for fresh sits in its Official Publication, which we could not open to check. A 2025 review notes AAFCO has no definition for fresh pet food as a product. FDA's human food guidance says fresh should not describe heat or chemically processed foods.

For your dog Raw broccoli stalks measured about 93% water in one study, so fresh broccoli weighs a lot going in and can rank higher on the list than its dry contribution. Drying in that study lowered sulforaphane, but no dog study shows a difference between fresh and dried broccoli in a food.5,7,11,17

  1. Strong
  2. Some
  3. Thin
  4. None

Organic broccoli

Matters for your dog A little

Organic Broccoli

What it means AAFCO points to the USDA National Organic Program. The field must go 3 years without prohibited substances, and genetic engineering, irradiation and sewage sludge are barred. A certifier checks the farm. USDA does not consider organic food necessarily safer, healthier or more nutritious.

For your dog A meta-analysis found pesticide residues four times as often on conventional crops, with less cadmium and more antioxidants in organic ones. A broccoli trial of 23 cultivars found farming system did not significantly change its phytochemicals. At a small inclusion, no dog study shows a health difference.12,13,14,15,16

  1. Strong
  2. Some
  3. Thin
  4. None

Sources

What we read

Checked October 1, 2026.

  1. 1 Sulforaphane absorption and histone deacetylase activity following single dosing of broccoli sprout supplement in normal dogs Veterinary Medicine and Science, 2018 // Journal
  2. 2 Evaluation of in vitro method for estimating in vivo digestibility in mixed-breed dogs across each life stage Journal of Animal Science and Technology, 2026 // Journal
  3. 3 Evaluation of the effect of dietary vegetable consumption on reducing risk of transitional cell carcinoma of the urinary bladder in Scottish Terriers Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 2005 // Journal
  4. 4 In Vitro and In Situ Evaluation of Broccoli Wastes as Potential Feed for Ruminants Animals, 2020 // Journal
  5. 5 Impact of Disruption and Drying Conditions on Physicochemical, Functional and Antioxidant Properties of Powdered Ingredients Obtained from Brassica Vegetable By-Products Foods, 2022 // Journal
  6. 6 Nutritional Requirements of Small Animals Merck Veterinary Manual, n.d. // Book
  7. 7 What's in the Ingredients List? AAFCO, n.d. // Regulator
  8. 8 Can Dogs Eat Broccoli? American Kennel Club, n.d. // Nonprofit
  9. 9 Scoping horticultural industry waste streams to determine suitability for use in pet food manufacture (HG08026) Hort Innovation Australia, 2011 // Industry
  10. 10 Broccoli Powder American International Foods, n.d. // Industry
  11. 11 CPG Sec 562.450 Identity of Foods: Use of Terms Such as Fresh, Frozen, Dried, Canned, Etc. U.S. Food and Drug Administration, n.d. // Regulator
  12. 12 Organic AAFCO, n.d. // Regulator
  13. 13 7 CFR 205.202 Land requirements Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School, n.d. // Reference
  14. 14 7 CFR 205.105 Allowed and prohibited substances, methods, and ingredients in organic production and handling Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School, n.d. // Reference
  15. 15 Higher antioxidant and lower cadmium concentrations and lower incidence of pesticide residues in organically grown crops: a systematic literature review and meta-analyses British Journal of Nutrition, 2014 // Journal
  16. 16 Variation in Broccoli Cultivar Phytochemical Content under Organic and Conventional Management Systems: Implications in Breeding for Nutrition PLoS One, 2014 // Journal
  17. 17 Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Quality Claims Associated with Fresh Pet Food: Evaluating Scientific Evidence for Additives, Ingredient Quality, and Effects of Processing in Pet Nutrition Animals (Basel), 2025 // Journal
An ingredient on its own tells you very little. What matters is how much of it there is and where it sits in the list. That is why we weigh the top five rather than reacting to any single name further down. Back to the wiki

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