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Ingredient file // Vitamin or mineral

Thiamine Mononitrate

A tiny B1 addition with a real job

Thiamine mononitrate is a manufactured form of vitamin B1 added in small amounts to dog food. It helps the finished food meet a dog's B1 needs, which matter for using food for energy and keeping the nervous system working normally.

Role in the food Supporting nutrient
What it is
A crystalline form of vitamin B1 used to raise the thiamine content of food.
Made from
Thiamine hydrochloride and nitric acid
Main job
Adds vitamin B1
Typical amount
Not published
Watch for
Processing can lower finished B1
Not the same as
Thiamine hydrochloride

Straight answer

Is Thiamine Mononitrate safe for dogs?

Read it as fortification, then check the diet

Expect thiamine mononitrate near the end of the ingredient list with the other vitamins. Check that the bag says the food is complete and balanced for your dog's life stage. The ingredient name tells you B1 was added; it does not tell you how much survived processing.

Why it is in the food
Adds vitamin B1

Our read // In our catalog

In 1 of every 1 foods we track

Share of foods that list it

83%

2,671 of the 3,204 foods with an ingredient list on file, from 89 brands. 1,706 dry dog food, 825 wet dog food, 51 dog food topper.

Each square is 1% of the catalog

Where it sits on the label

Median position 22. In the top five of 6 foods, so it is usually a minor ingredient.

Top five List position, heaviest first

Above the salt

9%

Usually listed after the salt, which caps it at roughly 1% of the recipe in 91% of foods.

Price per lb

Foods with it $3.19
All foods $3.25

Median of the cheapest bag price across 1,480 priced foods, about level with the catalog. The price is the food's, not the ingredient's.

Who leans on it

7%

of the foods that list it are from Purina. 89 brands use it in total.

The story

How vitamin B1 went from rice mystery to recalls

Thiamine's story starts with chickens. After returning to Java in 1887 as a Dutch medical officer, Christiaan Eijkman saw that birds fed polished rice bought for the army developed polyneuritis resembling beriberi. When their feed switched to regular rice with its silver outer layer, they recovered. Eijkman concluded that feed carried an agent that could prevent or cure the disease. He won the 1929 Nobel Prize, and in 1936 Robert Williams first synthesized thiamine, making factory-made B1 possible.10

Thiamine mononitrate is the dry, crystalline salt of that synthetic vitamin. In a rule published December 9, 1983, FDA affirmed it as generally recognized as safe for human food, used as a nutrient supplement at levels set by good manufacturing practice. Dog food uses it for the same job: topping up a vitamin that cooking heat wears down.2,4

The newest turning point came in 2026. On February 17, Go Raw LLC began a recall over low thiamine. In a March 13 advisory, FDA said 8 lots of Quest Cat Food it tested held anywhere from no detectable thiamine to 0.85 mg per kg, far under the 5.6 mg cat minimum. On June 8 the recall grew to a Steve's Real Food chicken recipe sold for cats and dogs. The company said B1 test results vary even in foods formulated with extra.11,12

What it is

How it is made

Vitamin makers synthesize thiamine and convert it into mononitrate crystals. Dog food makers add the concentrated powder through a vitamin premix so a small, measured amount of B1 enters the recipe.2,3,4

  1. 01 // Source Thiamine hydrochloride Manufacturers start with another manufactured form of vitamin B1, thiamine hydrochloride.
  2. 02 // Process Dissolved The hydrochloride form is dissolved in an alkaline solution before its salt form is changed.
  3. 03 // Process Nitrate added Nitric acid makes thiamine mononitrate separate from the solution as crystals.
  4. 04 // Output B1 crystals The crystalline powder is blended into a vitamin premix for food production.

What is in it

Composition, dry matter

81

% active B1

Pure mononitrate supplies about 0.81 gram of thiamine per gram. That conversion matters when a manufacturer calculates how much B1 to add.

Active thiamine 81%6
Thiamine mononitrate 99.7-100%3
Sulfated ash 0-0%3

Active thiamine is part of the mononitrate salt, not an additional ingredient. The purity and ash ranges describe batches from one additive supplier, so they do not describe every product sold.3,6

Why it is in the bag

A small dose of vitamin B1, not filler

  1. Main nutrition
  2. Supporting nutrient
  3. Does a job
  4. Mostly filler

Dogs cannot make thiamine, so their food has to supply it. Makers add this manufactured form of B1 and may add extra before cooking, because processing can destroy much of the thiamine in a recipe. It sits near the end of the list because ingredients go by weight and the B1 target is tiny.2,4,5,7

  1. 01

    Meets the B1 target

    Dogs must get thiamine from food. A measured addition helps a recipe meet the finished food requirement for normal metabolism and nervous system function.2,5

  2. 02

    Allows for cooking losses

    Heat can lower thiamine in a recipe. Manufacturers may add extra before cooking, then account for what remains in the finished food.2,5

  3. 03

    Fortifies at scale

    The finished food target is measured in milligrams per kilogram. A vitamin premix lets a plant distribute that small amount through a much larger batch.2,3,5

How much AAFCO specifies at least 2.25 mg of thiamine per kg of finished dog food on a dry matter basis; the mononitrate addition varies by recipe.5

Our read // The claims

What the evidence supports

Strong: controlled studies in dogs agree. Some: small or mixed dog data. Thin: mechanism or lab work only. None: nothing, or the evidence points the other way.

  1. Brands say

    Added B1 supports normal metabolism and nerves

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    In a 5-dog case series, B1-deficient meat was linked to neurologic disease, and 2 adult dogs improved with thiamine treatment. Adequate B1 matters; the cases did not test mononitrate against another B1 source.1,2

  2. Brands say

    Added B1 covers losses from cooking

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    AAFCO warns that processing may destroy up to 90% of a diet's thiamine. A veterinary review describes adding synthetic thiamine before cooking, but losses vary by recipe and process. The ingredient listing cannot prove the finished amount.2,5

  3. Brands say

    This B1 form stays stable in kibble

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    Supplier tests reported 97 to 107% mononitrate recovery in pelleted feed after 3 months at room temperature. That supports stability in the tested pellets, but pellets are not extruded kibble and the result is not a shelf life guarantee.3

  4. Owners say

    Extra B1 gives healthy dogs more energy

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    The 5-dog case series concerned deficiency and treatment, not an energy boost in adequately fed dogs. B1 is needed to use food for energy, but extra B1 has not been shown to improve a healthy dog's stamina.1,2

  5. Owners say

    The nitrate makes this ingredient dangerous

    Outruns the evidence

    Evidence

    1. Strong
    2. Some
    3. Thin
    4. None

    Nitrate is part of this vitamin salt's chemical form. In a 2025 feed additive review, EFSA judged thiamine mononitrate safe for target animals. Its name alone is not evidence of a harmful nitrate dose.3,4

The research

Studies worth knowing

Published research we read for this page, dog studies first.

  1. 1981 // Controlled feeding trial

    B1-starved beagle puppies stopped eating, then developed nerve disease8

    23 beagle puppies, 2 to 5 months old

    Found. Puppies fed a ration with almost no thiamine ate less and stopped growing for about 58 days on average. Then 8 of 11 developed a neurologic syndrome with seizures and weakness, and 3 others had a sudden death syndrome.

    What it means. Lost appetite and stalled growth came weeks before nerve signs, so an early B1 shortfall could be mistaken for poor appetite.

  2. 1986 // Feeding trial, brain exam

    Long B1 shortage damaged gray matter in puppy brains9

    22 beagle puppies, 2 to 5 months old

    Found. After a mean of 84 days (range 32 to 134) on a thiamine-deficient ration, 8 of 11 deficient puppies had brain lesions, mostly in gray matter. The damage progressed from spongy tissue changes to tissue death. Controls received weekly thiamine injections.

    What it means. Prolonged B1 shortage injures the brain itself, not just appetite, so steady daily intake from a complete food matters.

Straight answers

What owners ask

  1. Q01

    Is it just filler?

    No

    It supplies vitamin B1, which dogs must get from food. Its amount is small because the dietary target is small. It has a specific nutritional job.2,5

  2. Q02

    Why is it near the end?

    Tiny dose

    Ingredients are listed by weight, and B1 is needed in milligram amounts per kilogram of food. A place near the other added vitamins is expected.5,7

  3. Q03

    Does nitrate mean preservative?

    No

    Here, nitrate names part of the thiamine salt. The ingredient is added to supply vitamin B1, not to preserve the food.3,4

Who uses it

Brands, best sellers and the company it keeps

Top brands, by foods that list it

  1. Purina 180 / 185
  2. Blue 168 / 186
  3. Royal Canin 158 / 160
  4. Hill's 115 / 116
  5. Merrick 90 / 107
  6. Wellness 88 / 118
  7. Nulo 87 / 117
  8. NutriSource 86 / 91
  9. Instinct 78 / 98
  10. Stella & Chewy's 76 / 85

Foods that list it / all the brand's recipes we track.

Plus 79 more brands.

Amazon best sellers that list it

  1. #1 Blue Life Protection Formula Adult Chicken and Brown Rice Recipe Dry Dog Food
  2. #2 Purina One SmartBlend Adult Dog Lamb & Rice Formula Dry Dog Food
  3. #3 Purina Pro Plan Adult Complete Essentials Shredded Blend Chicken & Rice Formula Dry Dog Food
  4. #4 Hill’s Science Diet Light Small & Mini Chicken Recipe Dry Dog Food
  5. #5 Blue Life Protection Formula Adult Small Breed Chicken and Brown Rice Recipe Dry Dog Food
  6. #6 Hill’s Science Diet Adult Sensitive Stomach & Skin Chicken Recipe Dry Dog Food
  7. #7 Stella & Chewy’s Marie’s Magical Dinner Dust Cage-Free Chicken Recipe Freeze-Dried Raw Dog Food Topper
  8. #8 Diamond Naturals Skin & Coat Formula All Life Stages Salmon & Potato Formula Dry Dog Food

Rank on Amazon's dog food best seller list, checked October 2026.

Usually listed with, share of the foods that list it

  1. Chicken 43%
  2. Mixed Tocopherols 38%
  3. Chicken Fat 34%
  4. Natural Flavor 34%
  5. Peas 30%
  6. Flaxseed 27%
  7. Chicken Meal 26%
  8. Brown Rice 23%
  9. Carrots 19%
  10. Sweet Potatoes 16%
  11. Beef 16%
  12. Dried Plain Beet Pulp 15%

On the shelf

Foods that list Thiamine Mononitrate

2,671 foods in our catalog list it. These 60 list it highest on the label.

Grandma Lucy’s Organic Banana & Sweet Potato Dog Food TopperGrandma Lucy'sGrandma Lucy’s Organic Banana & Sweet Potato Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 1 on the labelGrandma Lucy’s Organic Apple Dog Food TopperGrandma Lucy'sGrandma Lucy’s Organic Apple Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 1 on the labelPurina Beyond Mixers+ Immune Support Chicken Bone Broth Dog Food TopperPurinaPurina Beyond Mixers+ Immune Support Chicken Bone Broth Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 2 on the labelEvanger’s Super Premium Heritage Classic Chicken & Rice Dog Food TopperEvanger'sEvanger’s Super Premium Heritage Classic Chicken & Rice Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 5 on the labelDave’s Pet Food Restricted Diet Sodium Wet Dog FoodDave's Pet FoodDave’s Pet Food Restricted Diet Sodium Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 6 on the labelEvanger’s Grain Free Braised Beef Chunks with Gravy - packed by hand! Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Grain Free Braised Beef Chunks with Gravy - packed by hand! Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 6 on the labelTruDog Elevate Smoky BBQ Stew Grain Free Shredded Chicken Stew w/ Sweet Potat Wet Dog FoodTruDogTruDog Elevate Smoky BBQ Stew Grain Free Shredded Chicken Stew w/ Sweet Potat Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelBixbi Rawbble Grain-Free Freeze-Dried Dog FoodBIXBIBixbi Rawbble Grain-Free Freeze-Dried Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 7 on the labelAgainst the Grain The Good Egg - Steak ‘n Egg Wet Dog FoodAgainst the GrainAgainst the Grain The Good Egg - Steak ‘n Egg Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelAgainst the Grain The Good Egg - Bacon N Eggs Scramble Wet Dog FoodAgainst the GrainAgainst the Grain The Good Egg - Bacon N Eggs Scramble Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelHalo Elevate Smoky BBQ Stew Grain Free Shredded Chicken Stew w/ Sweet Potat Wet Dog FoodHaloHalo Elevate Smoky BBQ Stew Grain Free Shredded Chicken Stew w/ Sweet Potat Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelZignature Inception Chicken Recipe Food Can Wet Dog FoodZignatureZignature Inception Chicken Recipe Food Can Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the label
Show 48 more
Grandma Lucy’s Organic Pumpkin Dog Food TopperGrandma Lucy'sGrandma Lucy’s Organic Pumpkin Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 1 on the labelGrandma Lucy’s Organic Blueberry Dog Food TopperGrandma Lucy'sGrandma Lucy’s Organic Blueberry Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 1 on the labelEvanger’s Heritage Classic Lamb & Rice Dinner Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Heritage Classic Lamb & Rice Dinner Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 6 on the labelEvanger’s Roasted Chicken Drummet Dinner - packed by hand! Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Roasted Chicken Drummet Dinner - packed by hand! Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 6 on the labelEvanger’s EVX Restricted Diet: Weight Management Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s EVX Restricted Diet: Weight Management Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 6 on the labelEvanger’s Heritage Classic Senior & Weight Management Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Heritage Classic Senior & Weight Management Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelEvanger’s Super Premium EVX Restricted Diet: Skin & Coat Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Super Premium EVX Restricted Diet: Skin & Coat Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelCesar Home Delights Hearty Chicken & Noodle Dinner in Sauce Wet Dog FoodCesarCesar Home Delights Hearty Chicken & Noodle Dinner in Sauce Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 7 on the labelEvanger’s Chunky Chicken Casserole - packed by hand! Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Chunky Chicken Casserole - packed by hand! Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 8 on the labelEvanger’s EVX Restricted Diet: Digestion Bland Diet Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s EVX Restricted Diet: Digestion Bland Diet Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 8 on the labelEvanger’s Grain Free; Super Premium Chicken Dinner Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Grain Free; Super Premium Chicken Dinner Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 8 on the labelZignature Inception Pork Recipe Food Can Wet Dog FoodZignatureZignature Inception Pork Recipe Food Can Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 8 on the labelNatural Balance Platefulls Tender Carrot, Potato & Beef Recipe Wet Dog FoodNatural BalanceNatural Balance Platefulls Tender Carrot, Potato & Beef Recipe Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 8 on the labelPurina Pro Plan Sport Adult High Protein Beef & Bison Entrée Classic Wet Dog FoodPurinaPurina Pro Plan Sport Adult High Protein Beef & Bison Entrée Classic Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 8 on the labelZignature Inception Pork Formula Dry Dog FoodZignatureZignature Inception Pork Formula Dry Dog FoodDry // No. 8 on the labelWysong Archetype Burgers Freeze-Dried Raw Dog FoodWysongWysong Archetype Burgers Freeze-Dried Raw Dog FoodFreeze-Dried // No. 8 on the labelWellness Core 95% Turkey & Spinach Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWellnessWellness Core 95% Turkey & Spinach Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelWellness Core 95% Chicken & Broccoli Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWellnessWellness Core 95% Chicken & Broccoli Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelEvanger’s Grain Free LID Venison + Beef Dinner Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Grain Free LID Venison + Beef Dinner Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelEvanger’s Grain Free Duck & Sweet Potato Dinner Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Grain Free Duck & Sweet Potato Dinner Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelZignature Essence LIR Landfowl Recipe Food Can Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodZignatureZignature Essence LIR Landfowl Recipe Food Can Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelZignature Inception Fish Recipe Food Can Wet Dog FoodZignatureZignature Inception Fish Recipe Food Can Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelNatural Balance Platefulls Savory Duck & Pumpkin Recipe Wet Dog FoodNatural BalanceNatural Balance Platefulls Savory Duck & Pumpkin Recipe Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Tender Turkey One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Tender Turkey One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Slow Cooked Chicken One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Slow Cooked Chicken One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelInstinct Raw Boost RawBoost+ Mixers Tranquility Recipe Dog Food TopperInstinctInstinct Raw Boost RawBoost+ Mixers Tranquility Recipe Dog Food TopperTopper // No. 9 on the labelPurina Pro Plan Adult 7+ Senior Complete Essentials Chicken & Rice Entrée Classic Wet Dog FoodPurinaPurina Pro Plan Adult 7+ Senior Complete Essentials Chicken & Rice Entrée Classic Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 9 on the labelZignature Select Cuts Turkey Formula with Super Grains Dry Dog FoodZignatureZignature Select Cuts Turkey Formula with Super Grains Dry Dog FoodDry // No. 9 on the labelZignature Inception Fish Formula Dry Dog FoodZignatureZignature Inception Fish Formula Dry Dog FoodDry // No. 9 on the labelWysong Fundamentals Dry Dog FoodWysongWysong Fundamentals Dry Dog FoodDry // No. 9 on the labelGather Free Acres Organic Free-Run Chicken Recipe for Adult Dogs Grain-Free Dry Dog FoodGatherGather Free Acres Organic Free-Run Chicken Recipe for Adult Dogs Grain-Free Dry Dog FoodDry // No. 9 on the labelPurina Beneful Chicken & Carrots Loaf Wet Dog FoodPurinaPurina Beneful Chicken & Carrots Loaf Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelDave’s Pet Food Bland Diet Pouches Dave’s Bland Duck & Pumpkin Pouch Recipe for Dogs / 10 Pack - Pou Wet Dog FoodDave's Pet FoodDave’s Pet Food Bland Diet Pouches Dave’s Bland Duck & Pumpkin Pouch Recipe for Dogs / 10 Pack - Pou Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelGravy Train Ground Dinner With Chicken Wet Dog FoodGravy TrainGravy Train Ground Dinner With Chicken Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelEvanger’s Organic Turkey with Potato & Carrots Dinner for Dogs Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s Organic Turkey with Potato & Carrots Dinner for Dogs Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelEvanger’s EVX Restricted Diet: Hip & Joint and Senior Support Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodEvanger'sEvanger’s EVX Restricted Diet: Hip & Joint and Senior Support Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelZignature Essence LIR Ranch Recipe Food Can Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodZignatureZignature Essence LIR Ranch Recipe Food Can Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelZignature Original Food Lamb Formula Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodZignatureZignature Original Food Lamb Formula Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelZignature Original Food Turkey Formula Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodZignatureZignature Original Food Turkey Formula Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelThe Honest Kitchen Roasted Beef One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodThe Honest KitchenThe Honest Kitchen Roasted Beef One Pot Stew Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelOpen Farm Icelandic Cod & Herring Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodOpen FarmOpen Farm Icelandic Cod & Herring Grain-Free Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelPedigree Chopped Ground Dinner Adult Pouch, Chicken Wet Dog FoodPedigreePedigree Chopped Ground Dinner Adult Pouch, Chicken Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelPedigree High Protein Chopped Ground Dinner Can, Chicken & Duck Wet Dog FoodPedigreePedigree High Protein Chopped Ground Dinner Can, Chicken & Duck Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelInstinct Freshly Crafted Meals Cage-Free Chicken Recipe Wet Dog FoodInstinctInstinct Freshly Crafted Meals Cage-Free Chicken Recipe Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelPurina Beneful Freshly Prepared Stews Turkey Dinner with Spinach and Ditalini Pasta in Gravy Wet Dog FoodPurinaPurina Beneful Freshly Prepared Stews Turkey Dinner with Spinach and Ditalini Pasta in Gravy Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelPurina Beneful Freshly Prepared Stews Chicken Dinner with Carrots and Rice in Gravy Wet Dog FoodPurinaPurina Beneful Freshly Prepared Stews Chicken Dinner with Carrots and Rice in Gravy Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelBlue Wilderness Wild Meals Chicken & Sweet Potato Wet Dog FoodBlueBlue Wilderness Wild Meals Chicken & Sweet Potato Wet Dog FoodWet // No. 10 on the labelFirstMate Pacific Ocean Fish Weight Control Formula Grain-Free Dry Dog FoodFirstMateFirstMate Pacific Ocean Fish Weight Control Formula Grain-Free Dry Dog FoodDry // No. 10 on the label

Sources

What we read

Checked September 1, 2026.

  1. 1 Thiamine deficiency in dogs due to the feeding of sulphite preserved meat Australian Veterinary Journal, 2005 // Journal
  2. 2 The Role of Thiamine and Effects of Deficiency in Dogs and Cats Veterinary Sciences, 2017 // Journal
  3. 3 Assessment of the feed additives thiamine hydrochloride (3a820) and thiamine mononitrate (3a821) (vitamin B1) for all animal species for the renewal of their authorisation (Kaesler Nutrition GmbH) EFSA Journal, 2025 // Journal
  4. 4 21 CFR § 184.1878 - Thiamine mononitrate Legal Information Institute, Cornell Law School, n.d. // University
  5. 5 AAFCO DOG FOOD NUTRIENT PROFILES AAFCO, 2013 // Regulator
  6. 6 Nutritional Guidelines for Complete and Complementary Pet Food for Cats and Dogs FEDIAF, 2025 // Industry
  7. 7 Reading Labels AAFCO, n.d. // Regulator
  8. 8 Experimentally induced thiamine deficiency in beagle dogs: clinical observations American Journal of Veterinary Research, 1981 // Journal
  9. 9 Experimentally induced thiamine deficiency in beagle dogs: pathologic changes of the central nervous system American Journal of Veterinary Research, 1986 // Journal
  10. 10 Christiaan Eijkman (1856 - 1930) Journal of Neurology, 2018 // Journal
  11. 11 FDA Advisory: Certain Lots of Quest Cat Food Pose Serious Health Risks Due to Extremely Low Levels of Thiamine U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2026 // Regulator
  12. 12 GO Raw LLC. Expands Voluntary Recall to Include One Lot of Steve's Real Food Freeze-Dried Chicken Recipe Due to Low Thiamine (Vitamin B1) Levels U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 2026 // Regulator
An ingredient on its own tells you very little. What matters is how much of it there is and where it sits in the list. That is why we weigh the top five rather than reacting to any single name further down. Back to the wiki

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